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- package Encode::Guess;
- use strict;
- use warnings;
- use Encode qw(:fallbacks find_encoding);
- our $VERSION = do { my @r = ( q$Revision: 2.2 $ =~ /\d+/g ); sprintf "%d." . "%02d" x $#r, @r };
-
- my $Canon = 'Guess';
- sub DEBUG () { 0 }
- our %DEF_SUSPECTS = map { $_ => find_encoding($_) } qw(ascii utf8);
- $Encode::Encoding{$Canon} = bless {
- Name => $Canon,
- Suspects => {%DEF_SUSPECTS},
- } => __PACKAGE__;
-
- use base qw(Encode::Encoding);
- sub needs_lines { 1 }
- sub perlio_ok { 0 }
-
- our @EXPORT = qw(guess_encoding);
- our $NoUTFAutoGuess = 0;
- our $UTF8_BOM = pack( "C3", 0xef, 0xbb, 0xbf );
-
- sub import { # Exporter not used so we do it on our own
- my $callpkg = caller;
- for my $item (@EXPORT) {
- no strict 'refs';
- *{"$callpkg\::$item"} = \&{"$item"};
- }
- set_suspects(@_);
- }
-
- sub set_suspects {
- my $class = shift;
- my $self = ref($class) ? $class : $Encode::Encoding{$Canon};
- $self->{Suspects} = {%DEF_SUSPECTS};
- $self->add_suspects(@_);
- }
-
- sub add_suspects {
- my $class = shift;
- my $self = ref($class) ? $class : $Encode::Encoding{$Canon};
- for my $c (@_) {
- my $e = find_encoding($c) or die "Unknown encoding: $c";
- $self->{Suspects}{ $e->name } = $e;
- DEBUG and warn "Added: ", $e->name;
- }
- }
-
- sub decode($$;$) {
- my ( $obj, $octet, $chk ) = @_;
- my $guessed = guess( $obj, $octet );
- unless ( ref($guessed) ) {
- require Carp;
- Carp::croak($guessed);
- }
- my $utf8 = $guessed->decode( $octet, $chk );
- $_[1] = $octet if $chk;
- return $utf8;
- }
-
- sub guess_encoding {
- guess( $Encode::Encoding{$Canon}, @_ );
- }
-
- sub guess {
- my $class = shift;
- my $obj = ref($class) ? $class : $Encode::Encoding{$Canon};
- my $octet = shift;
-
- # sanity check
- return unless defined $octet and length $octet;
-
- # cheat 0: utf8 flag;
- if ( Encode::is_utf8($octet) ) {
- return find_encoding('utf8') unless $NoUTFAutoGuess;
- Encode::_utf8_off($octet);
- }
-
- # cheat 1: BOM
- use Encode::Unicode;
- unless ($NoUTFAutoGuess) {
- my $BOM = pack( 'C3', unpack( "C3", $octet ) );
- return find_encoding('utf8')
- if ( defined $BOM and $BOM eq $UTF8_BOM );
- $BOM = unpack( 'N', $octet );
- return find_encoding('UTF-32')
- if ( defined $BOM and ( $BOM == 0xFeFF or $BOM == 0xFFFe0000 ) );
- $BOM = unpack( 'n', $octet );
- return find_encoding('UTF-16')
- if ( defined $BOM and ( $BOM == 0xFeFF or $BOM == 0xFFFe ) );
- if ( $octet =~ /\x00/o )
- { # if \x00 found, we assume UTF-(16|32)(BE|LE)
- my $utf;
- my ( $be, $le ) = ( 0, 0 );
- if ( $octet =~ /\x00\x00/o ) { # UTF-32(BE|LE) assumed
- $utf = "UTF-32";
- for my $char ( unpack( 'N*', $octet ) ) {
- $char & 0x0000ffff and $be++;
- $char & 0xffff0000 and $le++;
- }
- }
- else { # UTF-16(BE|LE) assumed
- $utf = "UTF-16";
- for my $char ( unpack( 'n*', $octet ) ) {
- $char & 0x00ff and $be++;
- $char & 0xff00 and $le++;
- }
- }
- DEBUG and warn "$utf, be == $be, le == $le";
- $be == $le
- and return
- "Encodings ambiguous between $utf BE and LE ($be, $le)";
- $utf .= ( $be > $le ) ? 'BE' : 'LE';
- return find_encoding($utf);
- }
- }
- my %try = %{ $obj->{Suspects} };
- for my $c (@_) {
- my $e = find_encoding($c) or die "Unknown encoding: $c";
- $try{ $e->name } = $e;
- DEBUG and warn "Added: ", $e->name;
- }
- my $nline = 1;
- for my $line ( split /\r\n?|\n/, $octet ) {
-
- # cheat 2 -- \e in the string
- if ( $line =~ /\e/o ) {
- my @keys = keys %try;
- delete @try{qw/utf8 ascii/};
- for my $k (@keys) {
- ref( $try{$k} ) eq 'Encode::XS' and delete $try{$k};
- }
- }
- my %ok = %try;
-
- # warn join(",", keys %try);
- for my $k ( keys %try ) {
- my $scratch = $line;
- $try{$k}->decode( $scratch, FB_QUIET );
- if ( $scratch eq '' ) {
- DEBUG and warn sprintf( "%4d:%-24s ok\n", $nline, $k );
- }
- else {
- use bytes ();
- DEBUG
- and warn sprintf( "%4d:%-24s not ok; %d bytes left\n",
- $nline, $k, bytes::length($scratch) );
- delete $ok{$k};
- }
- }
- %ok or return "No appropriate encodings found!";
- if ( scalar( keys(%ok) ) == 1 ) {
- my ($retval) = values(%ok);
- return $retval;
- }
- %try = %ok;
- $nline++;
- }
- $try{ascii}
- or return "Encodings too ambiguous: ", join( " or ", keys %try );
- return $try{ascii};
- }
-
- 1;
- __END__
-
- =head1 NAME
-
- Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
-
- =head1 SYNOPSIS
-
- # if you are sure $data won't contain anything bogus
-
- use Encode;
- use Encode::Guess qw/euc-jp shiftjis 7bit-jis/;
- my $utf8 = decode("Guess", $data);
- my $data = encode("Guess", $utf8); # this doesn't work!
-
- # more elaborate way
- use Encode::Guess;
- my $enc = guess_encoding($data, qw/euc-jp shiftjis 7bit-jis/);
- ref($enc) or die "Can't guess: $enc"; # trap error this way
- $utf8 = $enc->decode($data);
- # or
- $utf8 = decode($enc->name, $data)
-
- =head1 ABSTRACT
-
- Encode::Guess enables you to guess in what encoding a given data is
- encoded, or at least tries to.
-
- =head1 DESCRIPTION
-
- By default, it checks only ascii, utf8 and UTF-16/32 with BOM.
-
- use Encode::Guess; # ascii/utf8/BOMed UTF
-
- To use it more practically, you have to give the names of encodings to
- check (I<suspects> as follows). The name of suspects can either be
- canonical names or aliases.
-
- CAVEAT: Unlike UTF-(16|32), BOM in utf8 is NOT AUTOMATICALLY STRIPPED.
-
- # tries all major Japanese Encodings as well
- use Encode::Guess qw/euc-jp shiftjis 7bit-jis/;
-
- If the C<$Encode::Guess::NoUTFAutoGuess> variable is set to a true
- value, no heuristics will be applied to UTF8/16/32, and the result
- will be limited to the suspects and C<ascii>.
-
- =over 4
-
- =item Encode::Guess->set_suspects
-
- You can also change the internal suspects list via C<set_suspects>
- method.
-
- use Encode::Guess;
- Encode::Guess->set_suspects(qw/euc-jp shiftjis 7bit-jis/);
-
- =item Encode::Guess->add_suspects
-
- Or you can use C<add_suspects> method. The difference is that
- C<set_suspects> flushes the current suspects list while
- C<add_suspects> adds.
-
- use Encode::Guess;
- Encode::Guess->add_suspects(qw/euc-jp shiftjis 7bit-jis/);
- # now the suspects are euc-jp,shiftjis,7bit-jis, AND
- # euc-kr,euc-cn, and big5-eten
- Encode::Guess->add_suspects(qw/euc-kr euc-cn big5-eten/);
-
- =item Encode::decode("Guess" ...)
-
- When you are content with suspects list, you can now
-
- my $utf8 = Encode::decode("Guess", $data);
-
- =item Encode::Guess->guess($data)
-
- But it will croak if:
-
- =over
-
- =item *
-
- Two or more suspects remain
-
- =item *
-
- No suspects left
-
- =back
-
- So you should instead try this;
-
- my $decoder = Encode::Guess->guess($data);
-
- On success, $decoder is an object that is documented in
- L<Encode::Encoding>. So you can now do this;
-
- my $utf8 = $decoder->decode($data);
-
- On failure, $decoder now contains an error message so the whole thing
- would be as follows;
-
- my $decoder = Encode::Guess->guess($data);
- die $decoder unless ref($decoder);
- my $utf8 = $decoder->decode($data);
-
- =item guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
-
- You can also try C<guess_encoding> function which is exported by
- default. It takes $data to check and it also takes the list of
- suspects by option. The optional suspect list is I<not reflected> to
- the internal suspects list.
-
- my $decoder = guess_encoding($data, qw/euc-jp euc-kr euc-cn/);
- die $decoder unless ref($decoder);
- my $utf8 = $decoder->decode($data);
- # check only ascii and utf8
- my $decoder = guess_encoding($data);
-
- =back
-
- =head1 CAVEATS
-
- =over 4
-
- =item *
-
- Because of the algorithm used, ISO-8859 series and other single-byte
- encodings do not work well unless either one of ISO-8859 is the only
- one suspect (besides ascii and utf8).
-
- use Encode::Guess;
- # perhaps ok
- my $decoder = guess_encoding($data, 'latin1');
- # definitely NOT ok
- my $decoder = guess_encoding($data, qw/latin1 greek/);
-
- The reason is that Encode::Guess guesses encoding by trial and error.
- It first splits $data into lines and tries to decode the line for each
- suspect. It keeps it going until all but one encoding is eliminated
- out of suspects list. ISO-8859 series is just too successful for most
- cases (because it fills almost all code points in \x00-\xff).
-
- =item *
-
- Do not mix national standard encodings and the corresponding vendor
- encodings.
-
- # a very bad idea
- my $decoder
- = guess_encoding($data, qw/shiftjis MacJapanese cp932/);
-
- The reason is that vendor encoding is usually a superset of national
- standard so it becomes too ambiguous for most cases.
-
- =item *
-
- On the other hand, mixing various national standard encodings
- automagically works unless $data is too short to allow for guessing.
-
- # This is ok if $data is long enough
- my $decoder =
- guess_encoding($data, qw/euc-cn
- euc-jp shiftjis 7bit-jis
- euc-kr
- big5-eten/);
-
- =item *
-
- DO NOT PUT TOO MANY SUSPECTS! Don't you try something like this!
-
- my $decoder = guess_encoding($data,
- Encode->encodings(":all"));
-
- =back
-
- It is, after all, just a guess. You should alway be explicit when it
- comes to encodings. But there are some, especially Japanese,
- environment that guess-coding is a must. Use this module with care.
-
- =head1 TO DO
-
- Encode::Guess does not work on EBCDIC platforms.
-
- =head1 SEE ALSO
-
- L<Encode>, L<Encode::Encoding>
-
- =cut
-
-